A43-year-oldmanwitharecedinghairline,cataracts,andmusclewastingoftheupperlimbsfor3years.
A
B
C
Whatisyourdiagnosis?
A.CADASIL
B.Myotonicdystrophy
C.Cockaynesyndrome
D.Mitochondrialdisease
?
?
?
TheanswrerisMyotonicDystrophyType1
Myotonicdystrophytype1(DM1)isaninheritedautosomaldominantdiseaseassociatedwithanunusualexpansionofCTGtripletrepeatintheDMPKgene.Adult-onsetDM1canhavealonglifespanandischaracterizedbyprogressivemuscleloss,weakness,andmyotoniapredominantlyaffectingfacialanddistallimbs.Clinically,cataracts,cognitiveimpairment,heartblock,andendocrineabnormalitiesmayalsoexist.Patientswithadult-onsetDM1typicallyhavewhitematterlesionsinthecentrumsemiovale(A,arrows)andperiventricularregions(B,arrows),aswellasintheanteriortemporallobe(C,arrows),whichcanmimiccerebralautosomaldominantarteriopathywithsubcorticalinfarctsandleukoencephalopathy(CADASIL)manifestationonT2FLAIRMRI.VentriculomegalyandskullthickeningareamongothertypicalfeaturesofDM1onCTorMRI.
中文版:
男性,43岁,发际线后移,白内障,上肢肌萎缩3年
诊断?
A.常染色体显性遗传性脑动脉病伴皮层下梗死和白质脑病
B.强直性肌营养不良
C.Cockayne综合症
D.线粒体疾病
诊断:强直性肌营养不良1型
强直性肌营养不良1型(DM1)是一种常染色体显性遗传性疾病,与DMPK基因内CTG三联体重复性异常扩增有关。成人期发病的DM1生存期较长,其特征为进行性肌肉萎缩、肌无力、肌强直,易累及面部及远端肢体。临床可合并白内障、认知损害、心脏传导阻滞,以及内分泌异常。成人期发病的DM1型患者具有特征性的脑白质病变,累及半卵圆中心(A,箭头)、侧脑室周围(B,箭头)以及颞叶前部(C,箭头),其MRIT2FLAIR表现与常染色体显性遗传性脑动脉病伴皮层下梗死和白质脑病(CADASIL)容易混淆。DM1的其他CT或MRI特征包括:脑室扩大和颅骨增厚。
FromAJNRClassicCase
郑作锋翻译