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　　目的：为营养不良的诊断提供一个最低标准，无论其具体临床背景及病因方面存在哪些不同均能应用，同时也为了统一一些国际术语。

　　方法：欧洲肠外肠内营养学会（ESPEN）通过改良Delphi法，采用包括电子邮件、面谈、组内调查问卷及投票的形式征询各位临床专家意见，同时也组织ESPEN成员进行投票。

　　结果：首先，ESPEN推荐使用有效筛查工具确定对象有营养不良的风险并给予相应的评估及治疗。营养不良的风险应有其独立的ICD编码。其次，专家们一致达成共识，提出营养不良诊断的2个选择。选择一是体重指数（BMI）＜18.5kg/m2即诊断为营养不良。选择二需要结合非意向性体重下降（必须）且至少符合BMI下降或去脂体重指数（FFMI）下降二者之一。体重下降是指体重在任意时间内较平常减轻＞10%或3个月内较平常减轻＞5%。BMI下降是指70岁以下＜20kg/m2或70岁以上＜22kg/m2。低FFMI是指女性＜15kg/m2和男性＜17kg/m2。约12%的ESPEN成员参与投票；75%为赞成票（即接受程度按10分制评分，≥7分定义为赞成）。

　　结论：经筛查确定有营养不良风险的个体中，营养不良的诊断应基于低BMI（＜18.5kg/m2），或体重下降且至少符合低BMI（年龄特异性）或低FFMI（性别特异性）二者之一。

ClinNutr.;34(3):-.

Diagnosticcriteriaformalnutrition-AnESPENConsensusStatement.

CederholmT,BosaeusI,BarazzoniR,BauerJ,VanGossumA,KlekS,MuscaritoliM,NyulasiI,OckengaJ,SchneiderSM,devanderSchuerenMA,SingerP.

DepartmentsofGeriatricMedicine,UppsalaUniversityHospitalandPublicHealthandCaringSciences,ClinicalNutritionandMetabolism,UppsalaUniversity,Uppsala,Sweden.

ClinicalNutritionUnit,SahlgrenskaUniversityHospitalandUniversityofGothenburg,Gothenburg,Sweden.

DepartmentofMedical,SurgicalandHealthSciences,UniversityofTrieste,Trieste,Italy.

DepartmentofGeriatricMedicine,CarlvonOssietzkyUniversitat,Oldenburg,Germany.

DepartmentofGastroenterology,ClinicofIntestinalDiseasesandNutritionalSupport,HopitalErasme,FreeUniversityofBrussels,Brussels,Belgium.

GeneralandOncologySurgeryUnit,StanleyDudricksMemorialHospital,Skawina,Poland.

DepartmentofClinicalMedicine,SapienzaUniversityofRome,Rome,Italy.

DepartmentofNutritionandDieteticsandDepartmentofMedicine,MonashUniversityCentralClinicalSchool,Prahran,Australia.

DepartmentofGastroenterology,Hepatology,Endocrinology,andNutrition,KlinikumBremenMitte,Bremen,Germany.

DepartmentofGastroenterologyandClinicalNutrition,UniversityHospitalandUniversityofNiceSophia-Antipolis,Nice,France.

DepartmentofNutritionandDietetics,InternalMedicine,VUUniversityMedicalCenter,Amsterdam,TheNetherlands.

DepartmentofNutrition,SportsandHealth,FacultyofHealthandSocialStudies,HANUniversityofAppliedSciences,Nijmegen,TheNetherlands.

DepartmentofGeneralIntensiveCare,InstituteforNutritionResearch,RabinMedicalCenter,SacklerSchoolofMedicine,TelAvivUniversity,PetahTikva,Israel.

OBJECTIVE:Toprovideaconsensus-basedminimumsetofcriteriaforthediagnosisofmalnutritiontobeappliedindependentofclinicalsettingandaetiology,andtounifyinternationalterminology.

METHOD:TheEuropeanSocietyofClinicalNutritionandMetabolism(ESPEN)appointedagroupofclinicalscientiststoperformamodifiedDelphiprocess,en